RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) adalah format paket software untuk distribusi Linux berbasis Red Hat, termasuk Fedora, CentOS, RHEL, openSUSE, dan Rocky Linux. Standar instalasi software di ekosistem Red Hat.
RPM berisi: binary, library, file konfigurasi, scripts, dan metadata lengkap. Dikelola oleh rpm (low-level) dan yum/dnf (high-level dengan dependency resolution). Perintah: rpm -i package.rpm (install), dnf install package_name (install dengan dependencies), rpm -e (hapus). Fitur: GPG signature verification (keamanan), transaction history (dapat rollback), file verification (integrity check), dan file capabilities (SELinux contexts). Format internal: cpio archive berisi binary + metadata. Metadata: name, version, release, arch, requires/provides/conflicts/obsoletes (dependency info). Repository: Fedora COPR, EPEL, dan vendor repos. Kelebihan: enterprise-grade, support RHEL lifecycle, dan integrasi SELinux/AppArmor. Kekurangan: hanya untuk distro Red Hat-based. Alternatif lintas distro: Flatpak, Snap.